Abstract

Civil–military relations constitute a foundational pillar of democratic governance, particularly in post-authoritarian societies such as Nigeria, where the military has historically exerted significant political influence. This study examines civil–military tensions through a detailed analysis of the 2025 confrontation between Nigeria’s Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nyesom Wike, and an active-duty naval officer over a disputed parcel of land in Gaduwa, Abuja. Using qualitative methods and drawing on constitutional provisions, scholarly theories, media documentation, and legal expert commentary, the study interrogates the implications of the confrontation for the rule of law, civilian supremacy, and democratic accountability. The incident underscores persistent institutional ambiguities in Nigeria’s governance architecture, particularly concerning the misuse of military authority in civilian matters. The findings reveal that the deployment of armed naval personnel to obstruct lawful administrative activities demonstrates a breach of constitutional norms and highlights weaknesses in Nigeria’s civil oversight mechanisms. The study concludes by recommending institutional reforms aimed at strengthening civilian control, professionalizing military conduct, and reinforcing rule-of-law principles in land administration processes.

Keywords

Civil–Military Relations, Rule of Law, Abuja Land Dispute, Constitutionalism, Nyesom Wike, Nigerian Navy, Democratic Governance.

Conclusion

The Wike–naval officer confrontation is emblematic of deeper structural issues in Nigeria’s civil–military relations. It illustrates how military actors may exploit institutional ambiguity to encroach upon civilian authority, undermining rule-of-law principles and constitutional governance. Strengthening democratic oversight is therefore essential.

References

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